Previous reports had indicated that the risk of developing
osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) from taking
bisphosphonates in pill form were "negligible". However, a new study published in the January 2009 issue of the
Journal of the American Dental Association suggests that the proportion of people taking these widely prescribed oral osteoporosis drugs who develop ONJ may be much higher than previously thought.
ONJ is characterized by pain, soft-tissue swelling, infection, loose teeth and exposed bone. Use of bisphosphonates has been associated with other problems in the past, including an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (a type of abnormal heart rhythm), unusual fractures of the thigh bone, and inflammatory eye disease. Fosamax (alendronate) is the most widely prescribed oral bisphosphonate.